KOMPAS.com – Analytical exposition text adalah jenis teks bahasa Inggris yang digunakan untuk memaparkan opini atau pendapat mengenai suatu keadaan maupun peristiwa.
Analytical exposition text bersifat obyektif. Biasanya penulis menuliskan argumen disertai fakta data.
Pembeda analytical exposition text dengan text yang lain yaitu terdapat kesimpulan untuk menekankan pernyataan di bagian pengulangan.
Struktur dari analytical exposition adalah thesis, argument, dan reiteration. Thesis membahas topik permasalahan, argument merupakan opini-opini yang disampaikan penulis yang mendukung thesis, sedangkan reiteration adalah bagian di mana penulis menuliskan kembali thesis statetement seperti yang di awal atau merupakan kesimpulan dari opini yang dituliskannya.
Baca juga: Government, Mengenal Istilah Pemerintahan dalam Bahasa Inggris
Berikut contoh teksnya:
Contoh analytical exposition text 1
Ending the stigma
| Thesis | One of the challenges Indonesia has faced in its decades-long fight against HIV/AIDS is the stigma that accompanies the disease. Often, the public takes things into its own hands by sending those who test positive into exile, branding them as a source of problems and a burden.
A similar phenomenon is occurring as the country struggles to contain the spread of COVID-19, which since early March has infected more than 378,000 and killed nearly 13,000. In some countries, the stigma has even developed into prejudice against Asians, simply because the pandemic began in Wuhan, China. |
| Argument | A survey conducted in August by the LaporCOVID-19 (Report COVID-19) community, in collaboration with researchers from the University of Indonesia (UI) Faculty of Psychology, discovered that stigma surrounding COVID-19 patients and survivors did not subside.
Needless to say, ending the pandemic is impossible without addressing the stigmatization and prejudice COVID-19 patients face. To avoid the stigma, many have resisted testing and tracing, refused hospitalization and seized the dead bodies of loved ones from the hospital to prevent them from being buried under COVID-19 protocols. On Nov. 19, the Jakarta administration will begin enforcing a new bylaw that stipulates a maximum fine of Rp 7.5 million for obstructing measures to tackle contagion, such as refusing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, COVID-19 treatment, vaccination or isolation. The city government previously issued a gubernatorial regulation that outlined punishments for people who did not wear masks in public and business owners who failed to enforce social distancing in workplaces. The penalties ranged from one hour of community service and progressive fines to the withdrawal of business permits. But according to the 2011 Regional Government Law, only regional bylaws or higher levels of regulation can legally establish fines. West Sumatra and now Jakarta are the only provinces that have enacted bylaws to deter people from undermining the government’s efforts to win the battle against COVID-19. The 2018 Health Quarantine Law also stipulates punitive measures, which include imprisonment, to ensure public compliance with health protocols, but the law has been enforced only once, against Tegal legislative council deputy speaker Wasmadi Edi Susilo, for holding a dangdut concert that attracted a huge crowd last month. The Jakarta government has less than one month to familiarize people with the new bylaw, but doubts have already emerged about whether it will be an effective deterrent. Problems with laws and regulations often rest with their inconsistent implementation. More efforts are needed to educate the public about the virus, how it is transmitted and the danger it poses to their health rather than resorting to punishment. Perhaps people do not follow the health protocols because they know little about the virus in the first place. |
| Reiteration | It is the incomplete understanding of the disease, in addition to misinformation circulating on social media and in social interactions that has allowed the COVID-19 stigma to persist. Health workers, formal and informal leaders, academics and other elements of society need to join forces to end the stigma and win the war on the pandemic. |
Adapted from The Jakarta Post
Bagian thesis dari teks di atas terletak di awal. Penulis menyebutkan bahwa salah satu tantangan yang dihadapi Indonesia ialah stigma yang menyertai penyakit HIV / AIDS. Hal tersebut juga terjadi di beberapa negara saat ini di mana prasangka buruk ditujukan pada orang-orang Asia hanya karena pandemi tersebut bermula di Wuhan.
Kemudian di bagian argument, penulis menjelaskan opininya dengan didukung beberapa sumber. Penulis menyebutkan bahwa dari penelitian dari UI menyatakan bahwa stigma seputar pasien dan penyintas tidak mereda.
Penjelasan berikutnya menjelaskan bahwa banyak yang mencoba menghindari stigma dengan menolak berbagai hal seperti melakukan test dan lain-lain. Kemudian argumennya tentang bagaimana pemerintah berusaha mencegah orang-orang yang merusak upaya untuk melawan COVID-19.
Di bagian akhir atau reiteration, penulis menyebutkan kesimpulan dari pembahasannya bahwa pemahaman yang tidak lengkap tentang penyakit atau adanya misinformasi memungkinkan stigma tentang COVID-19 terus bertahan, maka perlu bagi tenaga kesehatan, para pemimpin, akademisi, maupun elemen masyarakat lain bergabung untuk melawan stigma tersebut.
Baca juga: Macam-macam Kata Tanya dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Contohnya
Contoh analytical exposition text 2
COVID-19 health protocol violators should be sanctioned
| Thesis |
COVID-19 health protocol violators should be sanctioned. As we know, the number of people infected with the covid virus is still increasing in our country, but some people still ignore the health protocol by not wearing mask and keeping their distance. |
| Argument |
Firstly, the violators will continue to ignore the health protocol suggested by the government if they aren’t sanctioned. By being sanctioned, they will feel deterred and ashamed so that in the future they will obey the rules given. Secondly, by sanctioning the violators, they will understand responsibility. Not only does it prevent us from being infected by the virus, but adhering to health protocols also keep others safe. We may not feel infected, but at least we prevent bad things by continuing to keep distance and wearing masks. That way, we will fulfill our responsibilities to ourselves and others. Lastly, giving sanctions to the violators will make them more aware of the danger of COVID-19. It is said that WHO declared COVID-19 a pandemic, which means that this virus is very dangerous, so it is best to continue to maintain health and avoid COVID-19. |
| Reiteration |
Therefore, the health protocol violators should be sanctioned because of the reasons given above. |
Dari teks di atas, kita bisa melihat bahwa thesis ada di paragraf pertama, yang di dalamnya terdapat kalimat COVID-19 health protocol violators should be sanctioned atau pelanggar protokol kesehatan COVID-19 harus diberi sanksi.
Dari sini, kita bisa melihat bahwa penulis berpendapat bahwa pelanggar mereka yang tidak memakai masker di tempat umum atau tidak menjaga jarak seharusnya diberi sanksi.
Kemudian di paragraf-paragraf berikutnya kita bisa melihat argument dari penulis. Penulis menjelaskan bahwa ada tiga alasan mengapa pelanggar protokol kesehatan perlu diberi sanksi, yaitu karena mereka akan merasa jera dan malu dan kedepannya bisa mematuhi peraturan.
Kemudian mereka akan lebih bertanggungjawab akan keselamatan diri sendiri dan orang lain, dan terakhir mereka bisa lebih sadar akan bahaya COVID-19.
Dari penjelasan di bagian argument tersebut, penulis menyimpulkan kembali di bagian reiteration dengan mengatakan bahwa pelanggar protokol kesehatan harus diberi sanksi.
Baca juga: Penggunaan To Be dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Contohnya
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